Reports

We estimate the share of the U.S. adult population who are credit invisible in 2020 to be 2.7 percent. Additionally, we revise the 2010 share from 11.0 to 5.8 percent because of data corrections.

In this report, the CFPB analyzed loan-level information from six lenders and found that servicemembers experience increased financial risks at many points in auto lending compared to non-servicemembers.

Report provides detailed information on new rental housing payment data with comparisons to external sources.

Report provides insights on rental housing payment delinquencies using new payment data.

In this report, we investigate the extent to which borrowers of cash-out refinance mortgages pay down non-mortgage debts with extracted equity using an event study around the refinance event.

Buy Now, Pay Later (BNPL) loans have grown rapidly in the United States (U.S.) since 2019. This study overcomes this data gap by using a matched sample of BNPL applications and originations for pay-in-four loans from six large BNPL firms (Affirm, Afterpay, Klarna, PayPal, Sezzle, and Zip) with their corresponding de-identified credit records.

This report looks at flood risk in the southeast and central southwest census regions of the United States, as measured by flood risk data from both the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) and the First Street Foundation and merge with data from the 2018-2022 Home Mortgage Disclosure Act.

Forced collection of Social Security benefits increasingly pushes borrowers into poverty and hardship, undermining the purpose of the Social Security program.

This report provides new insights about the financial security of small business owners using questions about business ownership in the Making Ends Meet Survey.

Pursuant to the CARD Act, the CFPB’s College Banking and Credit Card Agreements report monitors financial products offered through colleges, specifically deposit and prepaid accounts and credit cards.

This Bureau report describes 2023 mortgage market activity and trends using data reported under the Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA).

Consumers in Native American communities disproportionately experience medical debt in collections on credit reports.

CFPB report on how federal student loan borrowers have fared with the end of the payment pause and the return to repayment.

The annual Making Ends Meet survey report highlights new trends in household financial stability.

CFPB report on student loan borrower survey, with findings on income-driven repayment (IDR), payment pause, return to repayment, debt relief, and loan forgiveness.

The Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (“CFPB”) and the U.S. Department of Justice (“DOJ”) conducted matched-pair testing to test for and detect differential treatment of fictitious well-qualified Black and white small business owners seeking credit at large bank lenders in two counties.

Monthly principal and interest payments rose 78% driven by interest rates jumping from historic lows in 2021 to highs in 2023.

The 2023 Financial Literacy Annual Report describes the CFPB’s financial literacy activities and strategy to improve the financial literacy of consumers.

This data spotlight covers developments in the paycheck advance market, covering products also referred to as wage advance programs, small loans, earned wage access, earned wage advances, early wage access, on demand pay, and income-based advances.

This report provides new insights about distressed borrowers’ experiences with mortgage servicing and loss mitigation processes using data from the 2020 wave of the American Survey of Mortgage Borrowers (ASMB).

Report providing initial findings on negative equity from the Auto Finance Data Pilot and an explanation of the dataset from the Pilot.

This report provides new insights on how price complexity may affect markets for consumer goods. We report on two laboratory experiments that investigated the effects of price complexity on market outcomes.

Medical collections on consumer credit reports have been an area of focus for CFPB research in recent years. In addition to studying trends in medical debt as a whole, CFPB reports have documented the burden of medical debt on older Americans, and the incidence of medical collections in rural counties in Appalachia and the Deep South region.

Overdraft/NSF revenue for the full year of 2023 was approximately $6.1 billion lower than before the pandemic, and 24% lower than in 2022. However, quarterly overdraft/NSF fees were flat throughout 2023, suggesting most of the year-over-year reduction reflects the impact of changes in policy enacted in 2022.

The FY 2023 OMWI annual report to Congress provides detailed information about the diversity, equity, inclusion, and accessibility (DEIA) work of the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau from Oct. 1 2022 to Sept. 30 2023.